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Arizona
Arizona was the 48th State admitted
to the United States and is
considered to be part of the
Southwest United States. It is one of
the Four Corners states located south State nickname: "The Grand Canyon
and east of the Colorado River, State" or "The Copper State"
bordering New Mexico, Utah, Nevada,
California and Mexico. Major cities
are Phoenix, Tucson, Yuma and
Flagstaff. Besides the Grand Canyon,
a number of other National Forests,
Parks, Monuments and Indian Capital Phoenix
reservations are located in the Largest City Phoenix
state.
Area Ranked 6th
Historians disagree about the origin - Total 295,254 km2
of the name "Arizona" and its - Land 294,312 km2
attachment to the region. Three - Water 942 km2
possible derivations are: - % water 0.32%
* Pagago Indian word "arizonac" Population Ranked 20th
meaning (place of) little - Total (2000) 5,130,632
springs - Density 17.4/km2
* Spanish words " rida zona" Admittance into
meaning arid zone Union
* Aztec word "arizuma" meaning - Order 48th
silver bearing - Date February 14, 1912
Arizonac is a small town about eight Mountain: UTC-7
miles south of the United (Arizona doesn't
States-Mexican border. In 1736 a Time zone observe DST
small silver-mining camp called "Real except in the
Arissona" by the Spanish was Navajo Nation)
established near the town. Later in Latitude 31æ20'N to 37æN
the mid 18th century Spanish Longitude 109æ3'W to
missionaries changed Father Eusebio 114æ50'W
Francisco Kino's maps of the area; Width 500 km
they renamed the town Arizonac as Length 645 km
Arizona. As the maps were republished Elevation
and circulated in Europe, the name -Highest 3,851 meters
Arizona became attached to the whole -Mean 1,250 meters
northern part of New Spain. -Lowest 21 meters
USS Arizona was named in honor of ISO 3166-2: US-AZ
this state.
History
Beyond its original native inhabitants, Marcos de Niza, a Franciscan,
explored the area in 1539. Coronado's expedition entered the area in 1540-42
during its search for Cibola. Father Kino developed a chain of missions and
taught the Indians Christianity in Pimer a Alta (now southern Arizona and
northern Sonora), in the 1690's and early 1700's. Spain founded fortified
towns (presidios) at Tubac in 1752 and Tucson in 1775. All of what is now
Arizona became part of Mexico's northwest frontier upon the Mexican
assertion of independence from Spain in 1821. The United States took
possession of most of Arizona at the end of the Mexican War in 1848. In 1853
the land below the Gila River was acquired from Mexico in the Gadsden
Purchase. Arizona was administered as part of the Territory of New Mexico
until it was organized into a separate territory on February 24, 1863.
At the direction of Brigham Young, Mormons came from Utah in the mid to late
1800s to the Phoenix Valley (or "Valley of the Sun"), Prescott, Snowflake,
Heber and many other Arizona towns to settle there. One of the first LDS
temples built in the Southwest was the Mesa temple, finished in 1927.
Arizona was admitted into the union on February 14, 1912.
Law and Government
The government consists of a thirty-member senate and a 60-member house of
Representatives. The majority party is the Republican party, which has held
power since 1950. The 2002 budget of the Arizona state legislature is 14.3
billion, while the executive budget is 13.8 billion. Besides the money spent
on state agencies, money has also been allocated for tax cuts, pay raises
for government employees, and health insurance for government employees. The
executive budget has allocated money to previously passed legislation.
The governor is elected for a four-year term, and may serve any number of
terms, though no more than two in a row. Senators and Representatives are
elected for two year terms, and may also serve as many as they like, but no
more than four in a row.
The Grand Canyon State
Geography
State Bird: Cactus Wren
State Mammal: Ringtail Cat
State Tree: Palo Verde
State Flower: Saguaro Blossom
Arizona state parks State Gem: Turquoise
State Fossil: Petrified Wood
Like other states of the
Southwest, Arizona has an State Neckwear: Bola Tie
abundance of topographical State Capital: Phoenix
characteristics in addition to
its desert climes. More than half State Motto: Ditat Deus (God Enriches)
of the state features mountains State Nicknames: "The Grand Canyon State"
and plateaus and contains the "The Copper State"
largest stand of Ponderosa pine
in the United States. The State Songs: "Arizona March Song"
"Arizona"
Mogollon Rim, a 2000-foot
escarpment, cuts across the central section of the state and marks the
southwestern edge of the Colorado Plateau, where the state experienced its
worst forest fire ever in 2002.
Statistics
o Largest City: Phoenix
o Highest Point: Humphreys Peak - 12,633 ft. near Flagstaff
o Lowest Point: Colorado River - 70 ft.
Economy
Early in its history, Arizona's economy relied on the the "five C's":
copper, cotton, cattle, citrus and climate (i.e., tourism). At one point
Arizona was the largest producer of cotton in the country. Copper is still
found in abundance from many of its small mining towns. (See, for instance,
Bisbee, Ajo or Globe.) While the state government itself is the state's
largest employer, Motorola is the state's largest private employer followed
far behind by Wal-Mart.
Demographics
Population Breakdown: ([U.S. Census Bureau 2000])
o White: 75.5% (Not of Hispanic Origin: 63.8)
o Native: 5.0
o African American: 3.1
o Asian: 1.8
o Hawaiian or Pacific Islander: 0.1
o Other Race: 11.6
o Persons reporting two or more races: 2.9%
Notable People
Famous Arizonans also include Supreme Court Justice, Sandra Day O'Connor,
author, Zane Grey, former Governor and Secretary of the Interior, Bruce
Babbitt, architect, Frank Lloyd Wright, Presidential candidate and former
Senator, Barry Goldwater and native son Rex E. Lee former Solicitor General.
Education
Colleges and Universities
* American Graduate School of * Grand Canyon University
International Management * Mesa Community College
* American Indian College of the * Northern Arizona University
Assemblies of God * Prescott College
* Arizona State University * Southwestern College
* Arizona State University East * University of Arizona
* Arizona State University West * University of Phoenix
* DeVry University, Phoenix * Western International
* Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University University
Professional Sports Teams
* Arizona Diamondbacks (Major League Baseball)
* Arizona Cardinals (National Football League)
* Phoenix Suns (National Basketball Association)
* Phoenix Mercury (Women's National Basketball Association)
* Phoenix Coyotes (National Hockey League)
* Tucson Sidewinders (minor league baseball)
Spring Training
Arizona is an extremely popular location for Major League Baseball spring
training. The state hosts the following major league teams for spring training:
* Anaheim Angels in Tempe
* Arizona Diamondbacks in Tucson
* Chicago Cubs in Mesa
* Chicago White Sox in Tucson
* Colorado Rockies in Tucson
* Kansas City Royals in Surprise
* Milwaukee Brewers in Phoenix
* Oakland Athletics in Phoenix
* San Diego Padres in Peoria
* San Francisco Giants in Scottsdale
* Seattle Mariners in Peoria
* Texas Rangers in Surprise
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